how many people died in the reign of terror

In September 1792, the French assembly was elected. The following day he was executed with 21 of his closest associates bringing an end to the Reign of Terror. By mid- 1794 Maximilien Robespierre had become a target of conspiracies due to his views but mostly because the members feared that they could be guillotined next. 5. Anyone accused or even suspected of counter-revolutionary activity could be targeted. Addressing the Convention, the radical Jacobin and Committee of Public Safety member Bertrand Barère summarised what was needed: “Terror is the order of the day. It is believed the machine was responsible for the beheading of 21-year-old Sophie Scholl on February 22, 1943. The period between June 10th and the fall of Robespierre on July 27th became known as the Great Terror. Discontent in the Vendée lasted – according to some accounts—until after the Terror. The next day, July 27, 1794, Robespierre came under verbal attack at the National Convention and an order was made to arrest Robespierre and his followers. It will be an operation for special Revolutionary Tribunals.”. This site is created and maintained by Alpha History. During these seven weeks, almost 1,400 people were executed in Paris – around 200 more than in the previous 12 months. His name was Willi Graf, and he had acted as a recruiter for the group. It was passed on June 10th 1794 with the backing of Robespierre and the CPS. Most victims of the Terror, however, remain faceless and unknown to history. Hitler established a standard means of implementation to put “miscreant citizens to death” as reported by the Daily Mail. According to folklore, the Terror was a brief but deadly period where Maximilien Robespierre, the Committee of Public Safety and the Revolutionary Tribunals condemned thousands of people to die under the falling blade of the guillotine. Ordinary citizens could denounce suspects directly to the Tribunals, rather than reporting them to the police, the CPS or the Convention’s other committees. Fall of Robespierre and the Jacobins As the bloodshed and executions of the Terror became worse, many people realized that it could not continue. Those who initiated the Terror saw it as bitter but necessary medicine, a purge of reactionary elements so the revolution could survive and remain on course. Louis XVI was executed, Robespierre took control of the National Convention, and the … This led to the convention institutionalizing The Terror: systematic and lethal repression of perceived enemies within the country. Today, the Germans are divided as to what to do with the instrument of death and misery unearthed from the Munich museum’s basement. This paranoid hysteria was particularly rife among Parisian radicals: the Jacobins and Cordeliers, the men of the sections and the sans culottes. Couthon was softly spoken, reserved to the point of timidity and seldom out of his wheelchair – but these qualities concealed a revolutionary heart that was no less ruthless than Robespierre’s. Soon National Convention was split in three groups, the radical Jacobins, the comparatively conservative Girondins and the neutral majority known as the Plain. On October 12, 1943, another member of the White Rose sat in his prison cell waiting for the guillotine. Significantly, the Law of 22 Prairial also required Revolutionary Tribunals to either acquit suspects or sentence them to death. The device was used by the Nazi’s during WWII and is believed to have ended the lives of almost 16,000 people – men and women alike – during their twelve years in power. Over 200,000 people were arrested. Those who were killed came from all walks of life — and all age groups. Twenty million died as a result of the primitive living conditions and 14-hour work days. When he gave a speech demanding another purge of deputies, the fearful deputies plotted against him. The royalists want blood, well, they shall have the blood of the conspirators, the likes of Brissot and Marie Antoinette. It is rarely mentioned, but when the Nazis first came to power, they were cautious about using the death penalty. It consists of tall upright frame with a heavy blade which is dropped to sever the head of the victim. What happens at the end? do all the bad things in the Reign of Terror, its ok! Others date it to the formation of the Revolutionary Tribunal (March 1793), the expulsion of Girondinist deputies from the National Convention (June 1793) or the murder of Jean-Paul Marat (July 1793). Such a fine sunny day and I have to go, but what does my death matter if, through us, thousands of people are awakened and stirred to action?’. A few moments after her final words left her lips; her head fell into the bloodied basket below. It was a child with many parents, triggered and driven by different forces and factors. During the Reign of Terror (1793–1794), about 40,000 people were executed or murdered. Invented by Antoine Louis, guillotine is a device to carry out executions by beheading. For executioners such as Sophie Scholl’s killer Johann Reichhart, the Nazi boom in the use of the guillotine made them wealthy. Arrests and trials were conducted by the Revolutionary Tribunals, which were expanded and given new legal authorities. It began on September 5, 1793 with The Terror being institutionalized. Accused persons either walked free or were carted to the guillotine. These fears were driven by France’s war with Europe, rumours of a foreign invasion and the treachery of émigrés, spies and counter-revolutionaries. Copyright: The content on this page may not be republished without our express permission. According to one account, Sophie walked proudly to her death, and is said to have stated: ‘How can we expect righteousness to prevail when there is hardly anyone willing to give himself up individually to a righteous cause? where to stop with there freedom. In early June, he introduced the Law of 22 Prairial, later dubbed the ‘Law of the Great Terror’, onto the floor of the National Convention. without benefit of a full and fair trial. A Clermont lawyer who once dedicated himself to representing the poor, Couthon was elected to the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention, where at first he sat with the Plain before gravitating to the Montagnards. In March 1793, the National Convention created the Committee of Public Safety whose role was to protect the newly established republic against foreign attacks and internal rebellion. Nonetheless, one Nazi doctor claimed that a trip to the “dentist was worse than the guillotine,” because the nerve endings were severed and the brain did not feel any pain. Publisher: Alpha History The memory of Sophie and Hans is deep within me. Maximilien Robespierre became the face of the Reign of Terror perhaps due to his oratory skills. The Prairial legislation came at a time when France’s revolutionary army was beginning to assert itself on the battlefield and the foreign threat was dissipating, not increasing. Within an hour, Hans Scholl and Christoph Probst met their fate the same way. Stories and images of the Reign of Terror have come to dominate our perceptions of the French Revolution. During the Terror, justice was distributed by the Revolutionary Tribunals, which were expanded and given new powers. If the Reign of Terror had a single legislative beginning, it was on September 5th 1793, the day when Montagnard deputies in the National Convention voiced a perceived need for counter-revolutionary terror. With Learnodo he hopes to break the barriers of the education system and reach out to a limitless audience in a simple and cost effective way. Prior questioning or deposition of suspects was deemed “superfluous”, allowing accused persons to be sent straight to trial. His debut self help book "Happiness Decoded" was released in early 2014. Executions had previously averaged around three a day; after 22 Prairial this increased tenfold. ‘No, this should not go on display,’ the 89-year-old Muller says. The Law of 22 Prairial changed the procedures of the Tribunals so that accused persons were left almost defenceless. He much preferred the use of concentration camps. While almost no monuments are dedicated to him in France, he found ample praise in the Soviet Union after the October Revolution in 1917. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

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